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malapportionment |
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An electoral abuse in which a party promotes its own interests by defining constituencies of differing (population or electorate) sizes. The most successful method involves creating small constituencies for your own party to win and much larger ones for opposition party victories, a strategy that is only potentially successful if the parties\' supporters are spatially separated to some extent. Malapportionment was ruled unconstitutional and its practice outlawed in the USA in the 1960s, and British legislation requires the definition of constituencies whose electorates are \'as equal as is practicable\' (cf. gerrymandering). (RJJ)
Suggested Reading Baker, G.E. 1966: The reapportionment revolution. New York: Random House. Taylor, P.J. and Johnston, R.J. 1979: Geography of elections. London: Penguin Books. |
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